Fluid-operated tool.



L. W. GREVE.

FLUID OPERATED TOOL.

APPL1cAT|oN man MAR.12,1914.

Patented Dec. 12, 1916 2 sHgETs-SHEET 1.

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Patented Dec. 12, 1916.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

INVENTOFI i nf @W/ s E s s E N w W ATTORNEY LoUIS W. GREVE, or CLEVELAND, oHIo, 'ASSIGNoN LY IvIEsNE ASSIGNMENTS, To THE CLEVELAND EocK NEILL COMPANY, or cLEvELANIr 01110,.. A CORPORATION or HIO.

FLUID-OPERTED TOOL.

. Laoaiao;

Specication of-Lettersatent. 'Patmtned DQ@ 12 1916.

Application led March 12, 19111. Serial No. 824,263. a i

To all whom t may concern Be it known that I, LOUIS W. GREVE, a citizen of the United States, residing at Cleveland, in the county of Cuyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Fluid-perated Tools, of which the following is a specification.

The invention relatesV to fluid operated tools or machines, and -particularly to fluid operated rock drills. The invention has for its primary objects, the provision of an improved and simplied arrangement whereby fluid may be supplied through the drill steel when the operation ofthe hammer piston has been stopped; the provision of means whereby the result above specified may be accomplished independently of the operation or position of the main valve (also referred to as the distributing valve or hammer piston controlling valve) the provlsion of improved means for automatically -locking the drill steel against movement 1n its chuck when the steelis being withdrawn from the cavity drilled thereby, and the provision of improved means Wherebythe automaticdocking means is brought into play with the stopping of the hammer piston and the cutting ofl'l of the air feed of the drill. One embodiment ofthe invention is illustrated lin the accompanying drawings, wherein- I Figure 1 is a longitudinal section through the machine, Fig. 2 is a partial plan View of the front end of the machine, Fig. 3 is a section on the line 111-111 of Fig. 2, Fig. 4 `is an enlarged detailed section showi-ng the steel Aclamping device, with the parts in a differenb position than that illustrated in Fig. 1, Fig. 5 is a diagrammatic sectional view for showing the port arrangement, and Figs. 6 and 71 are vdiagrammatic sectional views showing the throttle valve in positions other thany of Fig. 5.

Referring irst to the general arrangement of parts asshown in Figs. 1 and 5; 1 is the main cylinder of the machinecarrying the hammer piston 2, and anvil or tappet 3; t is thecylinder. of the main or distributing valveI 5; 6 lis the throttle or admission valve for controlling the supply of fluid to the apparatus; 7 is the drill steel angular in cross section and Slidably but non-'rotatably fittin the chuck 8; 9 is .the transversely `working piston for securing the step-by-step,

rotation of the chuck and drill steel carried thereby; 10 is the valve for controlling the movement of the piston 9, and 11 is a piston for feedlng the machine ahead,suc'h piston being carried by the feed cylinder 12.

The chuck 8 is operated by means of a ratchet wheel 13 engaged by a segmental member 14 toothed to fit the teeth of the ratchetA wheel and having its upper end engaged by the piston 9, so that the oscillations of the piston rock the member 14 back and forth and cause a step-by-step rotation of the ratchet wheel 13 and the chuck 8 upon which it is mounted. This mechanism for securing the step-by-step rotation of the chuck and drill steel is shown, described, and claimed in my co-pending application Serial Number 784,359, filed August 12, 1913, and no detailed explanation nor claims with respect to this apparatus is therefore made in the .present application.

` The hammer piston 2 is controlled from the valve 5 which reciprocates and alternately admits pressure to the opposite ends of the piston hammer to secure reciprocation. Substantially the same valve mechanism and arrangement of ports for securing the reciprocation of the hammer piston is disclosed in the patent to Richards No. 929,111 of July 2'5, 1909, andno claim is made to this specific mechanism or arrangement of ports. ln view of the fact that this mechanism is a part of the prior art and fully disclosed in the patent to Richards, only sufficient explanation of such mechanism will be made in the present application as is necessary to an understanding of my invention and improvement to be later explained. The relation of thevalve 5 and piston hammer 2 will be most readily understood by a brief description of their operation. When the valve 5 and hammer piston are in the position-indicated in Fig. 1, fluid pressure froml the throttle valve 6 is admitted through the passage 15 leading through the hollow plug 16 and into the inclined passage 17. From the inclined passage 17 fluid passes into the groove 18 in the valve cylinder, thence to the groove 19, then back through the throttlevalve via the passage 20 (refer now. to Figs. 5 and 7), through the groove 21 in the throttle valve, to the passage 22, and thence to the front end of the cylinder. At this time pressure is being supplied to the chambers 23 and 24 tion of the apparatus.

at opposite ends of the valve 5;,Athrou-gh the passages 25 and v26, the pressure `in the chamber 23 being greater than in the cham-r ber-24, by reason ofthe factlthat the passage 25 is larger than the end of the passage 26 leading into thechamber '24, ,there being a constant discharge from each of the chambers through the small passages indicated at the upper sides ofthe chambers.

When the piston 2 moves to the rear it covers the end of the passage 25 and the groove .26. vThe covering of the end of the passage 25 cuts off the suply of pressure to the chamber 23 at the end of the valve 5 so that the pressure' drops in this chamber, while lthe covering of the group 26 causes an increase in the pressure in the chamberl 2l, such increasebeing due to the fact that the groovej26'is supplied With air from ,the inclined passage 17, by means of the pasafge 27. The valve 5 is thus moved to the e t. cuts off the supply of air through the passage 22 and permits a supply of air from the inclined passage 17 to pass to the lefty hand end of the hammer piston via the groove 28 and passage 29, so that pressure is applied to move the piston to the right. The movementof the piston to the left hand end of the cylinder uncovers the end ofv the exhaust passage 30, such exhaust passage leading to the rear end of the machine and having its rear end open in the normal opera- The exhaust from the left hand end of the cylinder is accomplished by means of the branch passage 31 leading into the main exhaust passage 30.

The throttle valve 6 is of the tapered rotary type, and in the preferredconstruction has three different positions of use, such positions being illustrated in Figs. 4, 5, 6, and 7. In order to, make the con-" struction clear, the showing in Figs.. 5, 6,

and 7, is diagrammatic, the'various pas-l' sages (with one exception) being placed all in the same plane, and in some cases being somewhat displaced from their actual positions in the machine, in order not to overlap and cause confusion. Referring now to the passages in the throttle valve and controlled thereby, as illustrated in Figs. 5, 6, and 7, 32 is the passage through the valve through which fluid pressure is supplied; 33, 34, and 35are passages communicating with the passage 32 and leading through the Walls of the valve 6; 36 and 21 are grooves in the Wall of the valve 6 which do not communicate With the passage 32; 38 is another passage lying in the Wall of the valve 6, in a different plane from the passages 36 and 21, and adapted to connect the end of the passage 39 leading to the feed cylinder 12 with the exhaust passage 10l when the valve is in the position of Fig. 5; 1 5, 20, 22, and 30 are passages heretofore referred to, the

This movement to the left of course passage 15 leadingy to the distributing valve,

the passage 2O leading from the distributing valve to the` throttle valve, the passage 22 leading-from the throttle valve to the front end of the cylinder 1, and the passage 30 conducting th exhaust from the front. end of the cylinder to'the throttle valve; 41 is a passage leadingA from th'e throttle valve to the valve 10 which controls the means for rotating vthe drillsteel, and 42 is an exhaust passage leading from the throttle, such. passage being connected to the exhaust passage 30 when the throttle valve is in one position.

When'the throttle valve 6 is in the position indicated in Fig. 5, the passage 15 is blanked, so that no fluid is'supplied to the distributing valve or to the hammer piston, and such hammer piston is therefore stopped.

At this timethe front endv ofV the cylinder front end of the cylinder, for the reason that the exhaust passage 30 is blanled at its rear end by the throttle valve 6. At this time fluid pressure is supplied to the dri-ll rotating means through the passage 41, such ,passage being connected with thepassage 32 inthe throttle valve by means of the passage 34. At this time, also the forward feed of the machine as secured by the feed piston 11 is stopped, the Huid behind the feed piston 11, Fig. 1, being exhausted through the passage 39 (F ig. 5) the end ofnvvhich is connected With the passage 40 by means of the groove. 38 in theWall of the valve 6. This position of the throttle valve'in Fig. 5 is of course occupied during the cleaning operation, at which ytime it is desirable that the drill steel should be rotated without actuation of the hammer piston, and that a large supply of air should be forcedltlrough the drill steel. It will be noted that when. the parts are in the position of Fig. 5 the supply of air to the front end of the cylinder passes directly to such -front end, Without going to the distributing valve, sovthat the supplying of fluid through the drill steel at this time is entirely independent of the distributing valve.

The position of the throttling valve as illustrate'd in Fig. 7 is what may be termed the Working position of the valve, since this position of the valve secures the actuation of the hammer piston. When the valve is in the position indicated ,in Fig. 7 air is sup- 4 passage 22, when-the valve 5 is in its right.-n

ha-nd position as illustrated in Fig. 5.

Lacanau passage 29 when vthee valve 5 is in its left hand position, `andheing Supplied to theright hand or front side of the hammer piston via the passage' 15, the grooves 18 and 19, the passage 20, the groove 21, and the It will be seen that when the valve is in the position of Fig. 71a freeexhaust can occur from they right hand side ofthe hammer piston 2, since the. exhaust passage 30 is brought into communication with exhaust passageV 42, the ends of the two passages registering with the v groove 36. Atthis time the passage 41 which operates the drill rotating mechanism is supplied with Huid as is also the passage 39 which -operates the piston 11 (Fig. l) to feed the machine ahead.

When the throttle valve 6 is in the position of Fig. 6 all of the operating passages are blanked, with the exception of the pas.

sage 39 which leads to the feed cylinder 12; the throttle valve being moved to this position when it 'is desired to feed the machine ahead to its working position and before starting the hammer piston. By moving the valve 6 a slightdistance farther counter clockwise the passage 39 is blanked.

Another' feature of my invention relates i to the provision of the fluid operated clamping means illustrated in Figs. 1 and4where-l by the drillsteel is clamped against'removal from its chuck when the'drill steel is being withdrawn from the work with the throttle valve 6 ingthe position 'indicated in Fig. 5.

At this time the admission of fluid pressure continuously to the front end of the cylinder via the passage 22 serves to clamp the drill steel againstmovement through its chuck, in the manner hereinafter set forth, 'As indicated in Figs. 4 and 1, the rear end of the chuck' 8 is recessed at 45, and in .this recess is fitted slidably a collar 46 provided on its upper side with a forwardly projecting leg 47 having a pin 47 for preventing the collar from moving too far to the left. ln the wall of the chuck 8 opposite the end of the leg 7 is an inclined slot 48 inK which is fitted the clamping ball 49 normally pressed to the left by means of the spring 50 'lying 4in a recess in the wall of the chuck. When the hammer piston is operating and the drill and tappet 22 occupy the position indicated in Fig. l, the spring 50 pushes the collar 46 to the left and causes the ,ba'll to move up in the inclined passage 48, so

that itdoes not engage the drill steel. 'llhef` drill steel is therefore perfectly free to slide through the chuck in the usual way when the impulse of the tappet is applied-thereto. When, however, it, is desired to withdraw the steel from the work, and the throttle is moved to the position indicated in Fig.. 5,

a clamping action is secured by the ball 49.

This is due to the fact that the fluid pressure applied continuously to the front side of the hammer piston through the passage 22 forces the tappet or anvil 3 and the drill steel forward from their normal position.

as illustrated in Fig. 1 to the positionillustrated in Fig'. 4, at which time the-frontend of the tappet 3 engages the collar 46, forcing it and the ball 49 Vto the right, so that such ball 'acts as a Wedge betweentlie .inf clined wall of the slot 48 'and the drillfstjeel,

thus clamping the drill steel securelyjin` out. when the machine is removed frein-*the work.

of which are contemplated by.myinvention'.A

1. In combination in a fluid actuated machine having a cylinder and a hammer piston, automatic valve mechanism for controlling the operation of the hammer piston, a hollow drill steel with its passage in communication with the Afront en d of said cylinder, and a throttle valve and connections whereby fluid pressure is supplied to the said valve mechanism and thence to the front end of the cylinder when the throttle connections whereby the movement of the throttle valve to oneposition secures a continuous supply of fluid through the drill steel and' cuts ofi the supply of fluid to the distributing valve and whereby the movement of the valve to another position supplies fluid to the distributing valve an thence through the drill steel. 3. In combination in a fluid actuated machine having a distributing valve, a cylinder, a hammer piston therein, a drill steel having a passage communicating with the front end of the cylinder, and an exhaust passage leading from the front end of the cylinder, a throttle Avalve and connections whereby the movement vof the throttle valve .to one position secure a. continuous supply of fluid to the front end of the cylinder and through the drill steel and cuts o the supply of Huid lto the distributing valve and blanks the said exhaust passage.

4. ln combination in a fluid actuated machine having a distributing valve, a cylin- `-VVJV` Vder, 'a hammer piston therein, a drill steel' L having a passage communicating with the front end `ofthe cylinder, and an exhaust passage leading from the front end of the lcylinder, a throttle. valve and connections whereby the movement of the throttle valve to one position secures a continuous supply l ,of fluid to the front end of the cylinder and 'i through the drill -ste'el and cuts off the supply .of fluid' to the distributing valve and blanks jthe'saidtexhaust passage and where- I bythe movement of the valve to another 'y :""Qposition opens the said exhaust passage, "and suppliesfluid to the :distributing valve and vthence through 'the 'drill steel. -53--Tl1'e-combinationwith a fluid actuated 'machine'havinga hammer cylinder, a ham- -mer piston, a hollow "drill steel withits pas- .f sage communicating with the.y front endof the hammer-cylinder and an automatic valve mechanism for controlling the operation of `the hammenpiston, of fluid supply controlling means whereby fluid pressure may be supplied continuously to the front end of the hammer cylinder and thence through the drill steel lwhen the supply of fluid pressure to the valve mechanism is cut off.

r 6. The combination with a fluid actuated machine having a cylinder, a hammer piston, a hollowdrill steel with its passage communicating with the front end of the cylinder,

' an exhaust passage from such front end and an automatic valve mechanismfor controlling the operation of the hammer piston, of fluid pressure supply controlling means whereby the said exhaust passage may be closed4 and fluid pressure supplied continuously' to thefront `end iof the cylinder, and Y through the drill-steel when the supply of fluid pressure' to the valve mechanism 1s,-

e 7. In combinationin a fluid actuated ma- `lchine, a cylinder, a hammery p1ston, a drill steel, fluid actuated feed means for moving the machine forward, fluid actuated means for gripping the steel, and a throttle valve and `*connections whereby the said gripping means are actuated to grip the steel and hold it against longitudinal movement inthe machine when the supply `of fluid for operating the piston hammer and lfeed means is cut off.

8. In combination in affluid actuated machine, a cylinder, -a hammer piston, a drill steel and means operated by fluid pressure 10. In combination in a fluid actuated machine, a cylindera hammer piston, a drill steel, means operated by fluid pressure for clamping the steel against outward movement, and means whereby fluid pressure is supplied to secure the clamping of the steel securely against movement when the ham- V lmer piston is stopped.

11. In combination in afluid actuated machine, a cylinder, a hammer piston, a tappet, a drill steel, and4 a clamping means operated by the forward movement of the tappet for clamping the steel against forward move mentl with respect to the machine.

12. In combination in a fluid actuated machine, a cylinder, a hammer piston, a tappet, a drill steel, a clamping means operated by the forward vmovement of the tappet for clamping the steel against forward movement, and means whereby fluid pressure is ysupplied continuously behind the tappet when the hammer piston is stopped.

13. In combination in a fluid actuated machine, a cylinder, a hammer piston, a tappet, a drill steel, a clamping means operated by the forward movement of the tappet for clamping the steel against forward movement, and means whereby fluid pressure is supplied continuously behind the tappet and the exhaust from the front side of the hammerpiston blanked when the hammer piston is stopped. p

14. In combination in a fluid operated machine, a hammer cylinder, a hollow drill steel communicating with the front end thereof, a hammer piston, a fluid operated distributing valve, and means whereby fluid pressure may be supplied tothe front end of the hammer cylinder and thence through the drill steel without passing to the distributing valve.

15. In combination in a fluid operated machine, a hollow drill steel, a hammer piston, a fluid operated Idistributin,gval ve and fluid supply controlling means whereby fluid pressure may be supplied directly to the drill steel without passing 'to the distributing valve, the supply of fluid pressure to the hammer piston being cut off at such time or whereby the fluid pressure may be supplied to the drill steel via the distributing valve, the supplyof fluid pressure for operating the piston being uninterrupted at such time.

16. In combination in a fluid operated machine, a cylinder, a hollowT drill steel communicating with the front end thereof, a hammerpiston, av throttle valve, a passage leading .therefrom to the front end of the cylinder, a second passage leading from the throttle valve tothe distributing valve, and connections controlled by the throttle whereby the Asupply of fluid may be conducted through the first passage to the front end of the cylinder, the second passage being blanked, or whereby the supply of fluid may be conducted through the second passage to the distributing valve, then back to the throttle valve and then through the first pas,- sage to the front end of the cylinder.

17. In combination in a fluid actuated inachine having a cylinder and a hammer piston, a drill steel, a motor for rotating the drill steel, a fluid supply inlet, and a throttle valve having a plurality of admission positions in all of which positions fluid is supplied to the motor for rotating the drill steel and to the cylinder.

18. In combination in a fluid actuated machine having a cylinder and a hammer piston, a drill steel, a..motor for rotating the drill steel, a fluid supply inlet, and a throttle valve having a plurality of admission positions in all of' which positions fiuid is supplied to the motor for rotating the drill steel and in one of which positions fluid is supplied to the cylinder to reciprocate the hammer piston and in another of which positions fiuid is supplied to the cylinder Without causing the reoiprocation of' the hammer piston. A

In testimony whereof I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of the two subscribed Witnesses.

LOUIS W. GREVE. Witnesses:

C. GREVE, J. DE MooY. 

